Spectral Analysis of Clay-bearing Outcrops in Northern Xanthe Terra, Mars: Comparison with Oxia Planum, the Landing Site for the ExoMars Rover Mission

Abstract Clay minerals detected on Mars are valuable targets to seek traces of life the planet, where biosignatures might be preserved. Here, we report an in-depth spectral analysis clay-rich outcrops identified in northern Xanthe Terra (300°–320° E, 10°–20° N). We focused particularly absorptions centered 1.0–2.6 μ m range (1) constrain mineralogy clay outcrops, (2) map their strength and distribution throughout region, thus (3) develop a better understanding geologic environment at circum–Chryse Planitia. then compared infrared signatures Oxia Planum. Like Planum, Xanthe’s clays consistent with either Fe-bearing saponites or vermiculites. However, weaker relative perhaps due significant dust cover region. Besides signatures, displays several morphological features similar indicating long-lasting aqueous activity (fluvial channels fan deltas). Clays found deltas could detrital transport) authigenic (lacustrine deltaic sedimentation), while origin seen elsewhere surrounding plateaus remains undetermined. Planum has been selected as landing site for ESA’s ExoMars “Rosalind Franklin” rover, its instruments will search signs nature clays. This exploration indubitably provide new clues circum-Chryse basin.